四川省人民政府办公厅关于转发省卫生厅等部门四川省重点地方病防治规划（2005—2010年）的通知
四川省人民政
四川省人民政府办公厅关于转发省卫生厅等部门四川省重点地方病防治规划（2005—2010年）的通知
川办发［2005］11号
各市（州）、县（市、区）人民政府，省级各部门：
省卫生厅等部门制定的《四川省重点地方病防治规划（2005—2010年）》已经省政府同意，现转发你们，请认真贯彻实施。
四川省人民政府办公厅
二○○五年三月十六日
四川省重点地方病防治规划（2005—2010年）
省卫生厅 省发展改革委 省财政厅
省农业厅 省林业厅 省水利厅 省扶贫办
（二○○五年三月）
地方病是指在一定地区内发生的生物地球化学性疾病、自然疫源性疾病和与不利于人们健康的生产生活方式密切相关疾病的总称。多年来，在各级党委、政府的领导下，经过有关部门及广大地方病防治工作者几十年的艰苦努力，我省地方病防治工作取得明显成效。但是，由于多种原因，在我省21个市（州）还存在不同程度的地方病流行，主要有克山病、大骨节病、碘缺乏病、地方性氟中毒、地方性砷中毒、跁子病。碘缺乏病有125个县（市、区）未达到基本消除阶段目标，是全国未达到基本消除碘缺乏病的7个省之一；地氟病有现症病人145万，其中饮水型氟中毒有105个病区（村）尚未改水；燃煤污染型氟中毒病区有45万户未改炉灶。地方病严重危害病区广大人民群众身体健康，制约经济发展和社会进步。
根据《国务院办公厅关于转发卫生部等部门全国重点地方病防治规划(2004—2010年)的通知》（国办发〔2004〕75号）精神,为有效预防和控制地方病的流行，解除病区人民的疾苦，促进当地经济社会发展，制订本规划。
一、指导思想和基本原则
（一）指导思想。按照“政府领导、齐抓共管，预防为主、科学防治，突出重点、因地制宜，统筹规划、分步实施”的原则，充分调动各级人民政府、有关部门和单位的积极性，广泛动员群众参与，多渠道筹措资金，切实落实有效防治措施，加快地方病防治进程。
（二）基本原则。
1．政府领导、齐抓共管。各级人民政府要将地方病防治工作纳入本地区国民经济和社会发展计划，加强领导，加大投入。组织动员有关部门和社会力量密切配合，认真履行职责，共同推动防治工作扎实有效、深入持久地开展。
2．预防为主、科学防治。通过改变病区群众的生产生活环境，减少并努力消除各种致病因素；深入开展健康教育活动，增强群众的自我保护意识，形成良好的生产生活方式，积极探索有效的防治措施，提高科学防治能力。
3．突出重点、因地制宜。根据各种地方病流行特点、病情程度、自然环境、社会和经济条件，将对群众健康危害比较大、防治效果比较好、防治措施容易落实的地方病作为防治重点，因地制宜地采取行之有效的综合防治措施。
4．统筹规划、分步实施。在摸清流行情况的基础上，根据本地经济发展水平，采取“先重病区后轻病区、先人群密度大病区后人群密度小病区”的做法，统筹规划，分步实施。
二、目标
（一）总目标。到2005年，全省实现基本消除碘缺乏病目标。到2010年，全省95%以上的县（市、区）实现消除碘缺乏病目标；到2010年，地方性氟（砷）中毒、大骨节病、跁子病有1/4的病区县（村）达到控制标准；克山病的发病率控制在1/100000以下。
（二）具体工作目标。
1．碘缺乏病。
（1）到2005年，125个县（市、区）达到基本消除碘缺乏病目标，实现全省达到基本消除碘缺乏病目标；从2006年起，力争每年有25%的县（市、区）达到消除碘缺乏病目标，到2010年，全省95%以上县（市、区）达到消除碘缺乏病目标。
（2）已达到消除碘缺乏病的县（市、区）要不断完善消除碘缺乏病工作机制，进一步巩固防治成果，保持防治工作可持续发展。
2．氟中毒。
（1）饮水型氟中毒。到2010年，全省80%的病区村完成改水，其中90%的中、重病区村完成改水，农村饮水安全工程保持良好运行状态，水质符合国家农村饮用水卫生标准。
（2）燃煤污染型氟中毒。到2010年，全省改炉、灶降氟28万户，重病区户改炉、灶率达到100%；90%以上的新建炉灶在5年后使用性能良好，居民正确使用炉灶率达到95%以上。
（3）饮茶型氟中毒。到2010年，查清全省病情和病区分布范围，逐步落实防治措施。
（4）到2010年，地方性氟中毒病区中小学生和家庭主妇防治知识知晓率分别达到85％和70％以上。
3．砷中毒。
(1)到2006年，完成全省地方性砷中毒病区分布调查工作。
(2)到2010年，完成全部饮水型地方性砷中毒病区村的改水，改水工程保持良好运行状态，水质符合国家农村饮用水卫生标准。
（3）到2010年，完成所有燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒病区的改炉改灶，居民正确使用炉灶率达到95%以上。
（4）到2010年，地方性砷中毒病区中小学生和家庭主妇防治知识知晓率分别达到85％和70％以上。
4．大骨节病。到2010年，大骨节病重病区儿童大骨节病X线总检出率降至15%以下，大骨节病中、轻病区儿童大骨节病X线总检出率降至10%以下。
5．跁子病。到2010年，由当地政府组织实施病区居民的搬迁。
6．克山病。发病率控制在1/100000以下。
三、主要技术措施
（一）加强地方病的监测，为制订和实施防治规划提供科学依据。各级政府要组织力量进一步查清地方病类型、病区范围、病人数量等情况。加强地方病病情和相关危险因素监测，及时、准确地掌握病情变化趋势和存在的问题，为规划的制订和实施提供科学依据。
（二）加强健康教育，提高群众自我保健意识。大力开展多种形式的地方病防治宣传教育活动，使病区群众普遍掌握地方病防治知识，不断增强防病意识，提高自我保护能力，改变不利于健康的传统的生产和生活习惯，自觉采取有效措施，预防和减少地方病的危害。
（三）大力实施综合干预措施，切实降低地方病发病率。
1．大骨节病。对居住自然条件恶劣的，实行搬迁（搬迁规划另行制订）；对纳入国家六大林业重点工程规划范围的，结合退耕还林、退耕还草工程，使病区家庭逐步改变传统的生产生活方式；其他病区要因地制宜地实施改变种植结构或发展经济作物、换粮、普供硒碘盐等措施，努力降低大骨节病的发病率。
2．碘缺乏病。未达到消除碘缺乏病目标的地区，要进一步规范碘盐的营销网络，继续加大普及供应合格碘盐力度，提高碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率；已达到消除和基本消除碘缺乏病目标的地区，要坚持对碘盐生产、销售进行监督和监测，巩固消除碘缺乏病工作防治成果。
3．氟（砷）中毒。在饮水型氟（砷）中毒病区，结合农村饮水安全工程，大力实施改水措施，除氟降砷；在燃煤污染型氟（砷）中毒病区，结合农村沼气池建设项目，大力实施改炉灶或改变种植结构，不再食用燃煤熏烤的食物，除氟降砷；已控制的病区，加强饮用水质监测和炉灶的后期管理，积极开展监测工作，巩固防治成果。
4．对某些与居住环境密切相关的地方病，病区要结合农村集镇和农村新村建设实行整体搬迁，脱离病区居住的小环境。
5．在克山病病区继续实施改善营养、改良饮水、防诱因等综合预防措施。对病情有回升苗头的病区及时实施专项普供硒碘盐的措施。
（四）积极开展现症病人治疗工作。坚持以人为本，因地制宜地探索多种治疗方法和借鉴国内外成功经验，采取积极措施，尽可能减轻患者病痛，恢复劳动能力，提高生活质量。对严重缺碘的孕产妇、婴幼儿患者，在医生指导下，采取口服碘油丸的措施；对克汀病患者，采用药物替代治疗并进行生活、劳动功能训练。对氟骨症、大骨节病患者，采用药物（包括中药）治疗，缓解临床症状，减轻痛苦；对砷中毒、以对症治疗为主，减少病痛；对急型克山病患者，以抗心源性休克、抗心律紊乱及急性心力衰竭为主，积极进行抢救；对慢型克山病患者，用抗心衰药物维持治疗并加强心脏功能状况的监测。
（五）加强应用性科学研究，不断提高防治水平。坚持科研为防治服务的方针，针对地方病防治工作中难点和关键环节组织技术攻关，力争有所突破。目前，大骨节病、克山病、跁子病等地方病病因尚未明了，饮茶型地氟病尚无有效防治措施，氟骨症、大骨节病尚无特效治疗药物。针对这些问题，要加强与国内、国际间的科研合作，及时跟踪和借鉴国内、国际上的成功经验，不断引进先进的技术和方法，解决地方病防治工作中难点和关键环节，使防治工作上新台阶。
四、保障措施
（一）加强领导，强化责任。各级政府要加强地方病防治工作的领导，建立健全防治工作领导和协调机制，将地方病防治工作的效果评价纳入政府和有关部门主要领导任期目标，实行目标责任制和责任追究制。研究制定促进地方病防治工作的政策和措施，广泛筹集并统筹安排防治工作所需资源，解决防治工作中出现的问题。
（二）分工负责，齐抓共管。各有关部门和单位既要切实履行各自职责，又要密切配合，加强部门间的协调，逐步建立和完善“政府领导下，多部门合作”的工作机制。
卫生部门要负责制订地方病防治工作规划，拟订具体计划和实施方案，及时提出防治策略、措施和技术标准，组织开展重点地方病防治、监测、健康教育并对防治措施及其效果进行考核评估。负责向有关部门提供地方病病区范围和病情资料，为有关部门开展地方病防治提供技术指导和咨询。负责饮水型氟中毒、砷中毒病区改水工程的卫生学评价以及氟骨症、大骨节病、跁子病等病人的治疗。成立地方病专家咨询组，对规划实施提供医疗卫生技术指导、咨询，参与技术方案、技术标准等的制订。
发展和改革部门负责将地方病防治工作列入国民经济和社会发展规划。负责地方病病区移民搬迁、环境改造、改炉灶和改水工程的规划工作。
财政部门负责安排落实防治经费，监督经费使用情况。省级财政根据国家地方病治理重点项目安排必要的配套经费并对重大防治项目给予补助。市（州）、县级财政部门负责安排落实本级财政地方病防治专项经费。
盐业部门负责制订碘盐生产加工和专营供应计划，组织碘盐生产、储运和销售，建立健全碘盐批发和零售销售网络，保证为缺碘地区供应合格碘盐。依法加强盐业市场和食盐专营管理，打击食盐市场中的违法经营食盐和非碘盐行为。同时配合卫生部门开展碘盐监测。
水利部门负责饮水型氟（砷）中毒病区改水工作。与卫生部门共同做好水质监测工作。
农业部门负责燃煤污染型氟（砷）中毒病区开展降氟除砷改灶技术指导工作，组织力量开展低氟砖茶生产技术的推广。
林业部门负责大骨节病病区退耕还林（草）的规划制订和实施。
教育部门负责在学校开展多种形式的地方病防治知识的宣传教育。
广播电影电视和宣传、新闻、出版部门负责组织有关地方病防治知识的宣传教育工作。
残联负责做好残疾人的管理和健康教育工作，预防智力残疾的发生。
科技部门对地方病防治的应用性研究课题给予优先安排。
工商部门依法加强盐业市场流通领域各个环节的质量监督，对出售非碘盐等违法行为依法查处。
质监部门负责碘盐、低氟砖茶生产企业和流通、销售环节的质量监督管理。
扶贫部门对与地方病防治措施相结合的扶贫项目给予优先安排，对贫困地区重病户进行重点帮扶。
（三）强化法制管理，依法行政。认真贯彻执行《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》、《中华人民共和国标准化法》、《中华人民共和国产品质量法》、《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》、《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》及《食盐加碘消除碘缺乏危害管理条例》、《盐业管理条例》、《食盐专营办法》等法律法规，坚持依法行政，同时要加强法制宣传，加大执法力度，使防治工作步入法制化管理的轨道。
（四）拓宽筹资渠道，加大经费投入力度。各级政府要按照规划的要求整合资源，加强地方病防治经费的投入，安排必要的防治经费。整合利用水利工程建设、退耕还林（草）、农业产业结构调整、农村沼气建设和扶贫等项目的资金，在病区采取“渠道不变，加强管理，统一规划，集中使用”的原则，把资金捆绑使用，提高资金的综合效益。同时落实本级地方病防治专项经费并随经济增长逐年增加预算，保证地方病防治经费。
（五）加强地方病防治专业机构建设，提高人员素质。各级政府在安排疾病预防控制机构建设时应将地方病防治队伍作为疾病预防控制机构的重要组成部分统筹安排，配备与防治任务相适应专业技术人员，加强在职人员继续医学教育和培训，提高人员素质，保持一支精干的地方病防治专业队伍。
五、考核评估
各市（州）和县（市、区）人民政府应根据本规划的要求，结合本地实际，制订本地区地方病防治规划及具体实施方案。切实加强对规划执行情况的考核评估。每年通过自查、抽查等形式对防治工作经费、防治措施落实情况与防治目标完成情况进行考核评估。对完成规划目标任务好的地区、单位和个人由各级政府进行表彰；对未完成规划目标任务的地区、单位由各级政府进行通报批评。2007年、2011年分别由省政府地方病及病害防治领导小组组织进行中期、终期评估，具体评估方案另行制订。
工业产品质量责任条例(附英文)
国务院
工业产品质量责任条例(附英文)
1986年4月5日，国务院
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了明确工业产品（以下简称产品）质量责任，维护用户和消费者（以下简称用户）的合法权益，保证有计划的商品经济健康发展，促进社会主义现代化建设，特制定本条例。
第二条 产品质量是指国家的有关法规、质量标准以及合同规定的对产品适用、安全和其它特性的要求。产品质量责任是指因产品质量不符合上述要求，给用户造成损失后应承担的责任。
第三条 国家标准化部门负责制定全国统一的国家标准。国家标准应不低于国际标准水平。国家标准可以分级分等。企业主管部门要规定生产企业达到国家标准最高等级的期限。国家物价部门按标准等级，实行按质论价。
第四条 产品的生产、储运、经销企业必须按照本条例的规定，承担产品质量责任。各部门、各地区，特别是企业主管机关必须对产品质量进行管理，监督有关企业坚持质量第一的方针，保证产品质量，承担质量责任；管理和监督不力的也应承坦连带责任。
第五条 质量监督机构、工商行政管理机关必须对产品质量进行监督，维护用户的利益。
第六条 产品的合格证、说明书、优质标志、认证标志等都必须与产品的实际质量水平相一致。产品广告中关于产品质量的说明，必须符合产品的实际质量。
第七条 所有生产、经销企业必须严格执行下列规定：（1）不合格的产品不准出厂和销售；（2）不合格的原材料、零部件不准投料、组装；（3）国家已明令淘汰的产品不准生产和销售；（4）没有产品质量标准、未经质量检验机构检验的产品不准生产和销售；（5）不准弄虚作假、以次充好、伪造商标、假冒名牌。所有生产、经销企业都不得用搭配手段推销产品。
第二章 产品生产企业的质量责任
第八条 产品的生产企业必须保证产品质量符合国家的有关法规、质量标准以及合同规定的要求。产品的生产企业必须建立严密、协调、有效的质量保证体系，要明确规定产品的质量责任。企业必须保证质量检验机构能独立行使监督、检验的职权；严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。
第九条 产品出厂，必须符合下列要求：（一）达到本条例第二条规定的质量要求，有检验机构和检验人员签证的产品检验合格证；（二）根据不同特点，有产品名称、规格、型号、成份、含量、重量、用法、生产批号、出厂日期、生产厂家、厂址、产品技术标准编号等文字说明，限时使用的产品应注明失效时间。优质产品必须有标志；（三）实行生产许可证制度的产品，要有许可证编号、批准日期和有效期限；（四）机器、设备、装置、仪表以及耐用消费品，除符合本条（一）、（二）、（三）项要求外，还应有详细的产品使用说明书。内容包括：产品的技术经济参数、使用寿命、使用范围、保证期限、安装方法、维修方法和保存条件、技术保养检修期以及其它有关产品设计参数的有效数据。电器产品，应附有线路图和原理图；（五）包装必须符合国家有关规定和标准。剧毒、危险、易碎、怕压、需防潮、不装倒置的产品，在内外包装上必须有显著的指示标志和储运注意事项。产品包装上必须注明实际重量（净重和毛重）；（六）使用商标和分级分等的产品，在产品或包装上应有商标和分级分等标记；（七）符合国家安全、卫生、环境保护和计量等法规的要求。
第十条 达不到国家的有关标准规定等级、仍有使用价值的“处理品”，经企业主管机关批准后，方可降价销售，在产品和包装上必须标出显著的“处理品”字样。违反国家安全、卫生、环境保护、计量等法规要求的产品，必须及时销毁或作必要的技术处理，不得以“处理品”流入市场。不得用“处理品”生产和组装用以销售的产品。
第十一条 在产品保证期限内发现质量不符合第二条要求时，根据不同情况，由产品生产企业对用户和经销企业承坦质量责任：（一）产品的一般零部件、元器件失效，更换后即能恢复使用要求的，应负责按期修复；（二）产品的主要零部件、元器件失效，不能按期修复的，应负责更换合格品；（三）产品因设计、制造等原因造成主要功能不符合第二条要求，用户要求退货的，应负责退还货款；（四）造成经济损失的，还应负责赔偿实际经济损失；（五）由维修服务或经销企业负责产品售后技术服务时，生产企业必须按售后技术服务合同，提供足够的备品、备件和必要的技术支援。
第三章 产品储运企业的质量责任
第十二条 承储、承运、装卸企业必须根据国家有关规定和产品包装上标明的储运要求进行储存、运输和装卸。
第十三条 承储、承运企业在产品入库储存或出库、产品承运或交货时，应按照国家有关规定，严格执行交接验收制度，明确质量责任。确属储存、运输、装卸原因造成产品损伤，承储、承运、装卸企业应分别承担责任，按国家有关规定，赔偿经济损失。
第四章 产品经销企业的质量责任
第十四条 经销企业在进货时，应对产品进行验收，明确产品的质量责任。经销企业出售的产品，必须符合本条例第七条、第九条的规定。
第十五条 经销企业售出的产品在保证期限内发现质量不符合第二条的要求时，应由经销企业负责对用户实行包修、包换、包退、承担赔偿实际经济损失的责任。
第五章 产品质量的监督管理
第十六条 各质量监督机构，按照国家有关规定，单独组织或者会同工商行政管理部门、各行业主管部门、企业主管部门，对产品的生产、储运和经销等各个环节实行经常性的监督抽查，并定期公布抽查产品的质量状况。企业必须如实提供抽查样品，并在检测手段和工作条件方面提供方便。除国家已有规定外，质量监督机构抽查产品，不准向企业收费，以保证监督机构的公正性。质量监督机构所需的技术措施费用和检测费用，按实际需要由国家或地方财政拨款解决。各级经济委员会负责对产品质量监督管理工作进行领导和组织协调。
第十七条 各级行业主管部门和企业主管部门负责本行业产品质量的管理工作，其职责是：在授权范围内，制定或参与制定有关产品质量标准以及有关规章制度，负责产品质量的监督管理，督促企业保证产品质量，完善质量保证系统；组织发放生产许可证。
第十八条 对产品质量实行社会性监督。用户可以向产品生产、储运、经销企业提出质量查询；社团组织可以协助用户参与质量争议的调解、仲裁，支持用户向人民法院起诉。
第十九条 用户按双方协议可以派出代表到生产企业对产品生产过程和产品质量进行现场监督。
第六章 产品质量责任争议的处理
第二十条 因产品质量问题发生争议时，有经济合同的，按《经济合同法》的有关规定执行；没有合同的，争议的任何一方都可提请有关的质量监督机构调解处理，也可向人民法院起诉。
第二十一条 对产品质量的技术检验数据有争议时，当事人或调解、仲裁机构可委托法定的质量检验单位进行仲裁检验，质量检验单位应对提供的仲裁检验数据负责。
第二十二条 除国家另有规定外，质量责任的仲裁请求和起诉，应从当事人知悉或应当知悉权益受损害之日起一年内提出。产品质量责任方愿意承担责任时，不受时效限制。
第七章 罚 则
第二十三条 企业产品质量达不到国家规定的标准，企业主管机关应令其限期整顿。经整顿仍无效者，企业主管机关应令其停产或转产，直至建议有关主管机关撤销生产许可证，吊销营业执照。在整顿期间，企业主管机关视不同情况，可扣发企业负责人和职工的奖金、工资。
第二十四条 生产、经销企业违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一者，由企业主管机关对企业负责人和直接责任者给以行政处分，由工商行政管理机关没收其全部非法收入，并视其情节轻重，处以相当于非法收入的15％至20％的罚款，直至由司法机关追究法律责任。（一）生产、经销掺假产品、冒牌产品，以“处理品”冒充合格品；（二）生产、经销隐匿厂名、厂址的产品；（三）生产、经销没有产品检验合格证的产品；（四）生产、经销国家已明令淘汰的产品；（五）生产、经销国家实行生产许可证制度而到期未取得生产许可证的产品；（六）生产、经销用不合格原材料、零部件生产或组装的产品；（七）生产、经销违反国家安全、卫生、环境保护和计量等法规要求的产品；（八）经销过期失效产品。罚没收入全部上交国家财政。
第二十五条 有质量监督抽查中发现生产和经销企业有第二十四条中列举的行为时，由质量监督机构按第二十四条规定处理。对于不符合本条例第九条第七项规定的，由质量监督机构监督就地销毁或作必要的技术处理，并令生产、经销企业在限期内追回已售出的不合格产品。违反本条例第八条的规定，对质量检验人员进行打击报复的，或质量监督、检验机构工作人员徇私舞弊的，由有关主管机关给予行政处分；情节特别严重的，依法追究刑事责任。
第二十六条 由于产品的质量责任，造成用户人身伤亡，财产损失，触犯刑律的，由司法机关依法追究当事人的刑事责任。
第二十七条 上述处罚，不免除产品质量责任方对用户承担的产品包修、包换、包退、赔偿实际经济损失的责任。
第八章 附 则
第二十八条 有关主管部门可根据本条例的规定，制定实施细则；进出口商品、军用产品及有特殊要求的产品的质量责任可由有关主管部门参照本条例的原则，另行规定。
第二十九条 本条例适用于所有全民、集体所有制企业，个体工商业经营者以及在中国境内的中外合资、合作、外资企业。
第三十条 本条例授权国家经济委员会负责解释。
第三十一条 本条例自一九八六年七月一日起施行。(附英文)
REGULATIONS ON QUALITY RESPONSIBILITY FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
REGULATIONS ON QUALITY RESPONSIBILITY FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
(Promulgated by the State Council on April 5, 1986)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
The present Regulations are enacted in order to define the quality
responsibility for industrial products ("products" for short hereinafter),
safeguard the legitimate rights of the customer and consumer ("customer"
for short hereinafter), ensure the healthy development of commodity
economy in a planned way, and promote socialist modernization.
Article 2
"Quality of product" refers to the requirement for the applications,
safety and other properties of the products stipulated in related laws and
regulations, quality standards and contracts.
"Quality responsibility for products" refers to the responsibility that
shall be born due to the product's failure to satisfy the above-mentioned
requirements, which leads to loss on the part of the customer.
Article 3
The national standardization department is responsible for drawing up the
unified national standards. The national standards shall not be lower than
the international standards. National standards may be classified and
graded. The competent authorities responsible for the enterprise shall fix
a time limit for achieving the highest grade of the national standards.
The price department of the Central Government shall fix the prices
according to the grades of standards and implement the principle of "price
according to quality".
Article 4
Those enterprises engaging in the production, storing, transporting and
marketing of the product must, in accordance with the stipulations of the
present Regulations, undertake the quality responsibility for the
products.
The various departments, various localities, especially the competent
authorities for the manufacturer must exercise strict control over the
quality of the products, supervise and see that the manufacturer concerned
abides by the principle of "quality first", with a view to guaranteeing
the quality of product and undertaking quality responsibility. Those
failing to exercise effective control and supervision shall also undertake
liability arising therefrom.
Article 5
Quality-supervision agencies and the industry and commerce administration
departments must keep supervision over the quality of product and protect
the interest of the customer.
Article 6
The quality certificate, manuals, "high-quality" sign and identity sign of
a product must all be in conformity with the actual quality level of the
product. The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform
to the actual quality of the product.
Article 7
All the manufacturers and the marketing firms must observe strictly the
following rules:
(1) unqualified product is forbidden from being dispatched from the
factory or marketed;
(2) unqualified raw materials and parts and components are not allowed to
be put into production or be used for assembly;
(3) it is forbidden to manufacture the products whose elimination the
State has explicitly ordered;
(4) product without the product-quality standard or without being tested
by the state quality-testing organ is not allowed to be manufactured and
marketed;
(5) it is forbidden to plot frauds, to pass of unqualified product as
qualified, to forge trademarks, or to imitate the famous brand products.
All the manufacturers and marketing firms are not allowed to sell their
products by way of coupling-sale.
Chapter II Quality Responsibility of the Product Manufacturer
Article 8
The manufacturer of the product must make sure that the quality of the
product conforms to the requirements laid down by relevant laws and
regulations, quality standards and stipulations of the contract.
The manufacturer of the product must set up a strict, well-coordinated and
effective quality-guarantee system, with a view to fixing the quality
responsibility for the product in an explicit manner.
The manufacturer must see to it that the quality-inspecting organ can
independently perform its functions of supervision and testing. It is
strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.
Article 9
The product shall not leave the factory unless it satisfies the following
requirements:
(1) achieving the quality requirements stipulated in Article 2 of the
present Regulations, and obtaining the quality certificate of the product
issued by testing organ and testing personnel;
(2) having the written explanation of, according to specific
characteristics, the product's name, size, model, ingredients, the
percentage of the ingredients, weight, direction for applications, lot No.
of production, date of production, name of manufacturer, address of the
manufacturer, and the serial number of the technical specifications of the
said product; explicitly specifying the date of expiry in case of a
product with time limit of efficacy. "High-quality" product must bear the
mark thereof;
(3) having the serial number, date of approval and the term of validity of
the production licence in case of a product manufactured under the
production licence system;
(4) machinery, equipment, devices, apparatus and durable consumer goods,
apart from satisfying the requirements in Items (1), (2) and (3) of this
Article, shall be accompanied with detailed instructions on the use of the
product. The content thereof includes: the product's technical-economic
parameters, service life, range of application, term of guarantee, methods
for installation, methods of maintenance and conditions for storing, term
of technical maintenance and repair, and other effective data concerning
the design parameters of the product. Electric products shall be attached
with the circuit diagram and schematic diagram;
(5) the package must conform to the related state regulations and
standards. As regards the products that are drastically poisonous,
dangerous, fragile, can not be laid on by heavy load, needing protection
against moisture, can not be turned upside down, there must be, on both
the external and interior packing, obvious indication marks and notices
for storing and transportation. On the package of the product, there must
be noted explicitly the actual weights (net and gross);
(6) on the product or the package thereof on which the trademark and
quality classification and grading system is applied, there shall be signs
for the said trademark, classification and grading;
(7) conforming to the requirements of the state laws and regulations
concerning safety, hygiene, protection of environment and measuring.
Article 10
The "substandard" goods that fail to achieve the requirements of the
related state standards, but still have some use value, cannot be marketed
at reduced price until having obtained the approval from the competent
authorities of the manufacturer; and on the package there must be clearly
marked with the words of "substandard goods". Products that fail to meet
the requirements of the state laws and regulations concerning safety,
hygiene and environmental protection and measuring must be destroyed or
undergo necessary technical treatment in good time. They are not allowed
to enter the market in the name of "substandard goods".
"Substandard goods" are not allowed to be used to manufacture or assemble
market-oriented products.
Article 11
Within the guarantee period of the product, in case of the quality found
out of line with the requirements stipulated in Article 2, the
manufacturer shall, according to the following different circumstances,
undertake the quality liability to the customer and marketing firm:
(1) the common part or component loses efficacy and therefore, after being
replaced, the performance can immediately be restored; in this case, the
manufacturer shall be responsible for replacing with qualified parts or
components and for restoring the normal performance;
(2) in case that the main part or competent of the product has lost the
efficacy and cannot be repaired within the set period, the manufacturer
shall be responsible for replacing with qualified products;
(3) in case the major function fails to satisfy the requirements of
Article 2 due to such causes as designing and manufacture, if the customer
requires to return the goods, the manufacturer shall refund;
(4) in case of economic loss caused by the quality faults, the
manufacturer shall also compensate for the actual loss;
(5) if maintenance and repair service or marketing firm responsible for
the aftersale technical service, so required and manufacturer must,
according to the contract of aftersale service, supply sufficient standby
products, spare parts and necessary technical support.
Chapter III Quality Responsibility of Enterprises for Storing or Transporting the Product
Article 12
The enterprises which undertake to store, transport, load or unload the
products must conduct the work of the storing, transportation, loading and
unloading in compliance with the relevant state stipulations and the
storing-transporting requirements indicated on the package of the product.
Article 13
In the course of the product entering the warehouse for storing or leaving
the warehouse, undertaking to transport the product or handing over the
product, the enterprise that stores or transports the product shall
observe the pertinent state stipulations and the storing-trans-system of
handing-over and checking before acceptance, so as to define the quality
responsibility. In case it has been testified that the damage of the
product is due to the cause of storage, transport or loading and
unloading, the enterprises which store, transport or load and unload the
product shall bear their respective liabilities and, according to related
government regulations, compensate for the economic loss.
Chapter IV Quality Responsibility of the Marketing Firm of the Product
Article 14
When laying in a stock of merchandise, the marketing firm shall, before
acceptance, test the product, so that the quality responsibility can be
clearly defined. The products sold by the marketing firm must conform to
the requirements stipulated in Articles 7 and 9 of the present
Regulations.
Article 15
In case the product sold by the marketing firm is found not up to the
conditions stipulated in Article 2 within the period of guarantee, the
marketing firm shall be responsible for guaranteed repairing, replacement,
taking back the product and refunding, and undertaking the responsibility
of compensating for the actual economic loss.
Chapter V Supervision and Control over the Quality of Product
Article 16
The various quality-supervising agencies shall, in accordance with the
relevant regulations of the state, organize independently, or together
with the industry and commerce administrative authorities, the responsible
departments of the various trades, and the responsible departments of the
various manufacturers, regular supervisional sample-checking on the
various links such as manufacture, storing, transportation, and marketing,
and regularly publicize the result of the testing of the samples.
Enterprises must honestly furnish the samples for checking and provide
facilities with respect to the testing means and working conditions.
Unless otherwise stated in state regulations, it is not allowed for the
quality-supervising agencies to collect fees from the enterprises for
sample-checking on the product, so as to guarantee the impartiality of the
supervising agencies. The expenses needed for the technical means and
measures and for the test by the quality-supervising agencies shall be
covered by the state or local financial allocations according to the
actual needs.
The economic commission at various levels are responsible for leadership,
organization and coordination of the supervision and control over product
quality.
Article 17
Responsible departments of the trades and responsible departments for the
enterprises at various levels are responsible for the control over the
quality of products in the respective trades within their authorization,
which covers: formulating or taking part in the formulation of the quality
standards for the products in their respective areas of responsibility and
the pertinent rules and regulations, being responsible for supervision and
control over the quality of products, urging the enterprises to ensure the
quality of product, perfecting the quality guaranteeing system, and
organizing the issuance of production licences.
Article 18
Exercise social supervision over the quality of product. The customer can
make inquiries about the quality of the product at the manufacturer, the
enterprises for storing and transporting, and the marketing firms; and the
social associations and organizations can help the customers participate
in the mediation, arbitration over quality disputes, and support the
customers to file lawsuits with the people's court.
Article 19
The customer can, according to the mutual agreement between the customer
and manufacturer, send his representative to the manufacturer to conduct
on-the-spot-supervision over the process of the production and the quality
of the product.
Chapter VI Settlement of Disputes over Quality Responsibility for the Product
Article 20
Any dispute arising from the quality of product shall, provided there is
an economic contract, observe the relevant stipulations in the Economic
Contract Law. In the absence of such contracts, either party to the
dispute can refer the dispute to a relevant quality-supervising agency for
mediation or settlement, or take the case to the people's court.
Article 21
In case of any dispute over the data of technical testing of the quality
of product, the party concerned or the mediating or arbitrating agencies
can entrust legally designated quality-testing unit for arbitral testing;
and the said quality testing unit shall be responsible for the data of the
arbitral testing.
Article 22
Unless otherwise stipulated by the government, the request for arbitration
or prosecution over quality responsibility shall be raised within one year
from the date the party concerned is aware of or should be aware of his
interest and rights being damaged. Where the party bearing the quality
responsibility for the product is willing to bear the responsibility, it
is not limited by the term of validity.
Chapter VII Penalties
Article 23
Where the product of an enterprise fails to reach the state-stipulated
standards, the competent authoritative department of the said enterprise
shall order the enterprise to rectify production within a fixed period.
Where the said rectification within the fixed period turns out to be of no
effect, the competent authoritative department of the said enterprise
shall order it to stop production or switch over to a new line of
products, or even suggest that the relevant authorities revoke the
production licence and the business licence. In the period of
rectification, the competent authoritative department responsible for the
said enterprise may, according to different circumstances, deduct the
bonus and wages of the executive members of the enterprise and of the
staff and workers.
Article 24
Where the manufacturer or marketing firm has committed one of the
following acts in violation of the stipulations of the present
Regulations, the authoritative department responsible for the enterprise
or firm shall mete out disciplinary punishment to the responsible persons
of the enterprise and to the persons bearing direct responsibility; and
the industry and commerce administrative organ shall confiscate all the
illegal income, and impose on it a fine equivalent to 15% to 20% of the
illegal income according to the degree of seriousness of the case; or even
the legal liabilities shall be fixed by the judicial organs through due
investigation.
1. manufacture or market adulterated product or imitated product, or pass
off "substandard" product as qualified;
2. manufacture or market products without indicating the name and address
of the manufacturer;
3. manufacture or market products without quality certificate;
4. manufacture or market products of which the State has issued explicit
order for their elimination;
5. manufacture or market the products on which the State adopts the system
of production licence, but fails to renew the said production licence
after its expiry;
6. manufacture or market products manufactured or assembled with
unqualified raw materials, parts or components;
7. manufacture or market products in violation of the requirements
stipulated by state laws and regulations concerning safety, hygiene,
environmental protection and measuring;
8. market products which have passed the expiry date.
The incomes collected from fines shall be handed to the state treasury.
Article 25
In the course of sample-check on quality supervision, in case it is found
that the manufacturer or marketing firm has committed the act(s) listed in
Article 24, the quality-supervising agency shall treat the case according
to the stipulation in Article 24. As regards the product not in conformity
to the provision of Item (7) of Article 9 of the present Regulations, the
product shall be destroyed on the spot by the quality-supervising agency
or be given the necessary technical treatment; and the manufacturer and
the marketing firm shall be ordered to recover within the given time all
the substandard products that have already been sold.
In case of violation of the stipulations in Article 8 of the present
Regulations, or retaliation against quality-testing personnel, or the
working personnel in quality-supervising and quality-testing agencies act
wrongly out of personal consideration, the responsible authoritative
department shall mete out disciplinary punishment. As regards those of
extraordinary seriousness, criminal liabilities shall be investigated and
fixed according to law.
Article 26
Where the poor quality of the product has resulted in the injury or death
of the customer, and in his loss of property, hence violating the criminal
code, the judicial organs shall investigate and fix the legal liability of
the party concerned.
Article 27
The above-mentioned penalty does not acquit the party bearing the quality
responsibility of its responsibility for the guaranteed repair,
replacement, recovering the product with the money already paid, and the
compensation for the actual economic loss to the customer(s).
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 28
The relevant responsible authorities may, in line with the provisions of
the present Regulations, work out the implementing details. The quality
responsibility regulations for import & export products, for goods with
military application as well as goods for special requirements, the
relevant authorities may, with reference to the principles of the present
Regulations, enact separate specific regulations.
Article 29
The present Regulations apply to all enterprises with ownership by the
whole people, enterprises with ownership by the collective, individual
industrial and commercial operators as well as the Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures, contractual joint ventures, and foreign-capital
enterprises.
Article 30
The State Economic Commission is authorized to interpret the present
Regulations.
Article 31
The present Regulations shall go into force on July 1st, 1986.